Backend Developer Roadmap 2021
Do you want to become a Backend Developer in 2021? All of us, present in this century, do not know what to do next in the future and are trapped in confusion. Many people want to become Backend Developers in the future, and here we are going to inform you of the most amazing things required in Backend Developer Roadmap. From this page, you will be able to get information about the programming languages, tools, and technologies that are very essential for Backend Development.
About Backend Developer:
The logical side of the application to deal with is the core purpose of the Backend Developers. Also, Backend Development is related to server-side development centering on scripting, databases, and web application architecture.
In simple words, we can say that Backend Developer deals with the behind-the-scenes activities of the applications. Writing codes that communicate with databases, creating libraries, and working on data architecture is the responsibility of the Backend Developer. Hence, for this all, one must know about the Backend Developer Roadmap.
Moreover, the Backend Developer also gives the foundation code for enabling web apps to perform actions on the requirements of the users. But, what tools, technologies, languages, are needed to learn for becoming a backend developer? Now, let’s talk about this in a detail.
Backend Developer Web Roadmap 2021
In this section, below, we have given the Backend Developer Roadmap you have been waiting for. There are recommendations, alternate options, and tools mentioned in the roadmap.
Basic Skills For Becoming a Backend Developer
After going through the above-mentioned Backend Developer Roadmap 2021, it must be clearly understood to you that backend development is a logical side of the web app. Now, let’s discuss the technologies and tools required for becoming a successful backend developer in 2021.
1)Internet Skills:
If you want to become a backend developer then you should know about the basics of the Internet some of which are mentioned below:
- How it works
- What is HTTP/HTTPS
- How to work on Browsers
- DNS Working
- Domain Name and Hosting
2) Operating System:
After having learned the basics of the Internet, now you need to enhance your learning by general information about operating systems. Some of the basic things about this are mentioned below:
Memory Management
- Terminal Usage
- OS Working
- Process Management
- Threads and Currency
- Basic Terminal Commands
- I/O Management
- Basics of Networking
After this, the developer must acquaint himself with the basics covered in the Backend Developer Roadmap 2021.
3) Programming Languages
In order to improve their coding skills, a backend developer needs to enhance his learning by programming languages. Java is the most recommended language while learning a backend Developer roadmap, but some other languages are also importantly mentioned below:
- JavaScript
- Java
- C#
- Python
- Ruby
- PHP
4) Version Control System
It is a tool for helping frontend and backend developers to interact and handle changes. It gives information about what kinds of changes are done and who has done these. In simple words, it increases the speed of the project by making collaboration between developers, removing error possibilities, and also recovering the code in case of any accidents.
The following version control systems can also be used for Backend Development:
- Git
- GitHub
- GitLab
- BitBucket
5) Database
Basically, a database is a brain for making a web app dynamic. Whosoever searches for a product or requests logins, then it is the responsibility of the Database to store data, accept queries, fetch information and return to the web app as per the required outcome. Either relational or NoSOL databases are being used throughout the journey of the backend developer roadmap. Some of the best are mentioned below:
Relational Databases
PostgreSQL
- MySQL
- MS SQL
- Oracle
- MariaDB
NoSQL Databases
- MongoDB
- RethinkDB
- DynamoDB
- CouchDB
- GraphQL
Some of the basic steps are also needed to learn during database learning. These include ORMs, N+1 Problem, Transactions, Data Normalization, and Indexes.
6) APIs
Application Programming Interfaces is an intermediary between services by allowing them to interact with each other. All the backend developers use APIs for the purpose of connections among different applications in order to provide an amazing user experience through the frontend. Some of the APIs are mentioned below:
- REST
- JSON
- SOAP
- GSON
- XML-RPC
- AES
7) Caching
It is the process of storing a copy of a given resource in a cache and providing the information whenever requested. The performance of data retrieval is enhanced through caching while it also reduces the requirement of accessing the basic storage layer. Some of the caching techniques and tools are mentioned below:
- CDN
- Server Side
- Client-Side
- Redis
8) Testing
It is the process of checking the database or server-side of the web app. Moreover, its purpose is also to determine the efficiency of the database layer while ensuring that the data is free from corruption, deadlocks, or data loss. Some of the best testing methods mentioned in the backend developer roadmap are listed below:
- Integration Testing
- Unit Testing
- Functional Testing
9) Code Analysis Tools
It is used to debug and analyze code so that it runs smoothly. Some of the basic tools for code analysis are the following:
- SonarLint
- JUnit
- JaCoCo
- PMD
- SonarQube
- Qualys
- Jenkins
10) Architectural Patterns:
Needless to say, it is an amazing solution to the recurring problems during the development of the software. The most commonly used architectural patterns include:
Monolithic
- SOA
- Microservices
- CQRS
- Event Sourcing
- Serverless
11) Message Broker
It allows systems, apps, and services to interact with one another for exchanging information. Furthermore, it also translated the formal messaging protocol of the server into the formal messaging protocol of the receiver. Anyone of the following can be learned to use in your future backend development project:
- RabbitMQ
- Kafka
- Kinesis
- JBOSS messaging
12) Containerization
It is the packaging of software code with all the necessary elements like frameworks, libraries, and other dependencies. The basic purpose of it is to separate services from each other in a container. Through the work, it is done by the backend developer for moving or running a container. Docker is one of the most used containers.
13) Design Patterns
These are the solutions for a set of problems occurring during web app development. Solving such recurring issues offers an amazing approach. Some of the basic design patterns are mentioned below:
- Singleton
- Factory
- Observer
- Decorator
- Adapter
- Template Method
- Mediator
- Composite
- Facade
- Iterator
- Proxy
14) Authentication Method
This method is used for the identification of a user or device that wants to access resources, data, or applications. So, it provides a user identity to the security system as its name suggests. A few methods used by the backend developer are the following:
- MD5
- SHA
- Scrypt
- Bcrypt
- RSA
15) WebHook
It is also called a reverse API and it is a way for providing real-time information to other applications. Unlike APIs, this does not require a request for response. But, it just sends data when it is available without any requests with custom callbacks.
16) WebSocket
It is an advanced technology for providing a two-way interactive communication session between the user’s browser and a server. Using this API, you can send messages to a server and receive event-driven responses. For this process, it does not need to poll the server for a reply.
In simple words, we can say that WebSocket is a continuous connection between a client and the server. Furthermore, it also provides a two-way, bi-directional channel for communication that works on HTTP through TCP/IP socket connection. In short words, it is also a thin and lightweight layer over TCP for the utilization of subprotocols to store messages.
Final Words:
We have tried our best to acquaint you with the most necessary steps required to learn in the Backend Developer Roadmap. You must also increase your learning in this field with the use of new tools and technologies. Everything that you learn will be helpful for you in the future. For achieving better progress, you need to enhance your learning throughout the process.
